CNG is mainly methane —a greenhouse gas —which could contribute to climate change if a leak existed. Fossil Fuels. Nuclear Fuels. Acid Rain. Climate Change. Climate Feedback. Ocean Acidification. Rising Sea Level.
Compressed natural gas Figure 1. Compressed natural gas CNG vehicles operate much like gasoline-powered vehicles with spark-ignited internal combustion engines. The engine functions the same way as a gasoline engine. Natural gas is stored in a fuel tank, or cylinder, typically at the back of the vehicle. The CNG fuel system transfers high-pressure gas from the fuel tank through the fuel lines, where a pressure regulator reduces the pressure to a level compatible with the engine fuel injection system.
Finally, the fuel is introduced into the intake manifold or combustion chamber, where it is mixed with air and then compressed and ignited by a spark plug. The vast majority of natural gas in the United States is considered a fossil fuel because it is made from sources formed over millions of years by the action of heat and pressure on organic materials.
Alternatively, renewable natural gas RNG , also known as biomethane, is a pipeline-quality vehicle fuel produced from organic materials—such as waste from landfills and livestock—through anaerobic digestion. Because RNG is chemically identical to fossil-derived conventional natural gas , it can use the existing natural gas distribution system and must be compressed or liquefied for use in vehicles.
Both are domestically produced, relatively low priced, and commercially available. To provide adequate driving range, CNG is stored onboard a vehicle in a compressed gaseous state at a pressure of up to 3, pounds per square inch. CNG is used in light-, medium-, and heavy-duty applications.
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