Your doctor should be able to determine the difference by doing blood and urine tests and sometimes x-rays. Since many kidney diseases do not cause symptoms in the early stages, your doctor can do screening tests to see if you have kidney disease.
It is important for people who are at risk for developing kidney disease—those with diabetes , high blood pressure or a family member with kidney disease—to be checked regularly. Very few kidney diseases cause pain in the kidneys. The ones that may cause pain include: polycystic kidney disease PKD , kidney stones or bad kidney infections.
Diabetes and high blood pressure hypertension are the most common causes of kidney disease. Not everyone with diabetes or high blood pressure will develop kidney disease. Most kidney diseases damage the kidneys slowly, over a period of years, hence the term chronic kidney disease. Making the proper diagnosis involves blood and urine tests, a complete physical examination, and sometimes a kidney biopsy. High blood pressure is never normal. Regardless of your age, high blood pressure damages blood vessels, stresses the heart and can damage kidneys.
In turn, kidney disease often causes or worsens high blood pressure. It may take two or more different medicines at the same time to control hypertension. Your doctor can measure the level of creatinine by doing a simple blood test. A normal adult creatinine is about 1. We use the level of creatinine to determine the glomerular filtration rate GFR —in other words, how well the glomeruli tiny filters in the kidneys are filtering out waste products.
The hour urine test is called the creatinine clearance and is similar to the GFR. Kidney function normally declines as we age. The higher the GFR, the better the kidney function. A GFR of is generally considered normal depending on your age and whether you are male or female. For some people, these symptoms may start when the GFR is , and other people may still feel good until the GFR is under Anemia means there are too few red blood cells in the bloodstream.
Since red blood cells are needed to deliver oxygen to the tissues, including your heart, muscles, brain and others, your body does not get enough oxygen when you are anemic. Many, if not most, people with poor kidney function have anemia, which makes them more tired.
Treating anemia can make people with kidney disease have more energy and generally feel better. If you reach stage 4 or 5 CKD, you are likely to be referred to a specialist in kidney disease at the hospital. You will need to attend regularly for follow-up - how often depends on how much your kidney function is affected and how stable your results are.
As well as monitoring your kidney function, your team is likely to carry out certain blood tests:. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence NICE says that patients receiving dialysis should be offered the choice of having their treatment at home or in a hospital or clinic.
It advises that patients, in discussion with doctors, should be able to decide which type of dialysis is right for them and where they will receive it, depending on local arrangements.
People with chronic kidney disease have an increased risk of developing CVDs, such as heart disease, stroke, and peripheral arterial disease. People with CKD are actually twenty times more likely to die from cardiovascular-related problems than from kidney failure. This is why reducing any other cardiovascular risk factors is so important.
See the separate leaflet called Cardiovascular Disease Atheroma. If chronic kidney disease becomes severe you may need treatment to combat various problems caused by the poor kidney function. If end-stage kidney failure develops, you are likely to need kidney dialysis or a kidney transplant to survive.
People with stage 3 CKD or worse should be immunised against influenza each year, and have a one-off immunisation against pneumococcus. People with stage 4 CKD should be immunised against hepatitis B.
Stages chronic kidney disease mild-to-moderate are common, with most cases occurring in older people. It tends to become gradually worse over months or years. However, the rate of progression varies from case to case, and often depends on the severity of any underlying condition.
For example, some kidney conditions may cause your kidney function to become worse relatively quickly. However, in most cases, chronic kidney disease progresses only very slowly. For many people with CKD there is a much higher risk of developing serious CVD than of developing end-stage kidney failure. Blann A ; Routine blood tests 1: why do we test for urea and electrolytes? Nursing Times 5, , Hi anyone been suffering breathlessness with their CKD? Im 3b and progressively worsening over the last few weeks with breathing even just sat still talking.
I also get incredibly itchy arms and Disclaimer: This article is for information only and should not be used for the diagnosis or treatment of medical conditions. Egton Medical Information Systems Limited has used all reasonable care in compiling the information but make no warranty as to its accuracy.
Consult a doctor or other health care professional for diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions. For details see our conditions. In this series. In this article What is chronic kidney disease? How is chronic kidney disease diagnosed? What are chronic kidney disease symptoms? What are the stages of chronic kidney disease? What if I have chronic kidney disease stage 3? How common is chronic kidney disease? What causes chronic kidney disease?
Do I need any further tests? What is the treatment for chronic kidney disease? What is the outlook for chronic kidney disease? What is chronic kidney disease? Why you should talk to your loved ones about organ donation Thousands of people receive transplanted organs from deceased donors each year in the UK. Why you should talk to your loved ones about organ donation.
Families urged to talk about organ donation before a loved one dies. What it's like to be on the organ transplant waiting list. What do kidneys do? Stage of Chronic Kidney Disease. The only treatment options for kidney failure are dialysis or a kidney transplantation. During her sophomore year of college, Kaitlyn began feeling fatigued and experiencing dizzy spells.
Diagnosed with chronic kidney disease, she underwent a lifesaving transplant procedure. Health Home Conditions and Diseases. What is chronic kidney disease? You also can view a class online.
Causes The leading cause of kidney failure is diabetes. Age is also a risk factor for kidney disease, specifically, being over Learn How to Lower Your Risk for Kidney Disease Did you know that your kidneys play an important role in keeping your body functioning properly?
Read more. Fatigue The kidneys make a hormone called erythropoietin, or EPO, which tells your body to make oxygen-carrying red blood cells. If your kidneys are damaged, they make less EPO, which means fewer red blood cells are available to carry oxygen. This is called anemia, and itwhich can be treated. This can make food taste different and cause bad breath. It is not uncommon to stop liking to eat meat, or to lose weight because you don't feel like eating.
Nausea and Vomiting Uremia can also cause nausea and vomiting. Shortness of Breath Extra fluid in the body can build up in the lungs. This build up, combined with anemia, can result in shortness of breath.
Feeling Cold Anemia can make the body feel cold even when in a warm room.
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