On this view, what we can control is not what happens in the external would but how we think about what happens in the external world. Our choices are often restricted to "willing the next moment in spite of its inevitability" or simply to be willing to "let it be. Predeterminism : the philosophical and theological view that combines God with determinism. On this doctrine events throughout eternity have been foreordained by some supernatural power in a causal sequence. Implications: If world-events are predetermined, there is no free will, no miracles, and no chance events.
The metaphor of God constructing and winding up a clock the universe and letting it run until the end of time is often used. Presumably, on some accounts, God could step in and adjust the clock and so a miracle a violation of natural law would occur. However, strictly speaking, the admission of the occurrence of miracles in a predeterministic universe would be inconsistent belief.
Fatalism : the philosophical and sometimes theological doctrine that specific events are fixed in advance either by God or by some unknown means although there might be some free play in minor events.
Implications: Fatalism does not presuppose causality, but it is compatible with choice with respect to some events and is compatible with the existence of miracles.
The idea is that major events such as birth, death, major discovery, and so forth will happen regardless of causes or chance. Suppose, for example, by means of some kind of revelation I learn that I will die from burns at AM in the local Mercy Hospital on Saturday morning.
On the one hand, suppose as soon as I learn this, I get in my car to get to the airport to get as far away as possible, but on the way to the airport, my car is hit by a tanker and I suffer intense heat. After being transported to the hospital, I linger on and then die at the appointed time.
On the other hand, suppose I did not take the risk of traveling to the airport and go home and intend to stay under the bed until Sunday. Unknown to me, however, there was a wiring fault in the house, and the house catches fire and so on.
I would have choices in such a situation, but the fated event would occur anyway. Predestination : the theological doctrine that all events are made to happen by God and not by causality in nature.
In a sense, the world is being continuously created, and each moment is a miracle a violation of laws of nature. July 30, at am. What does that mean and how is that different from determinism? Check out the book Predestination by Reginald Garrigou-Lagrange for an indepth Thomistic discussion of those topics.
Thanks, Brier Scheetz for the recommendation. I heard that is a very good book. But can you give at least a summary? Compatiblism seems like a dead letter to me. So where is the determinism coming from that makes compatiblism necessary? Thomas was always clear that one cannot conclude from the immutability of providence to the absence of contingency in the universe. In fact, we come to know God- both by reason and by revelation- through the contingency and indeterminacy of creatures.
This saws off the branch we are sitting on. July 31, at am. Can you explain the concept of contingency and how grace can be intrinsically efficacious and yet our acts are not determined? May 29, at am. Let us say that some persons are predestined just in case:. The third feature is regularly the cause of confusion and controversy, but notice that all it says is that God is the chief party responsible for realizing it, and does not entail or even imply any kind of divinely imposed determinism.
Thus, the provision of Grace which is wholly unmerited enables us to freely choose the good, though that Grace is not irresistible as John Calvin maintained that it was.
Moreover, when we choose the good, our free choice, properly understood, is passive, and the active agent is Christ in us whom we have allowed to work in us and through us.
We, with respect to the Holy Spirit, are passive, and He is active. Thus, God is the one who accomplishes in us all that is truly good.
The end result being what Augustine describes when he says:. Our merits are gifts effected through grace; when God rewards, He crowns His gifts, even the merits He has given.
Augustine, Letter There are two further distinctions to be made. Double-Predestination was a position condemned roundly by the Catholic Church a number of times, including at the Second Council of Orange, and again at Trent. Today, it is a position often associated, not unevenly, with Calvinism or Reformed theology. It also, obviously, denies the fourth criteria altogether. The view of God providentially overseeing and dictating the events of history is one about which controversy exists even among Catholics Catholics all agree one way or another with something like that, but the particulars remain legitimate issues for theological debate in the Church.
It would seem to entail that God has what is called middle knowledge, such that God not only knows what I will freely choose to do, but rather he also knows what I would freely choose to do in different circumstances. Active 2 years, 4 months ago. Viewed 9k times. Could someone please plainly spell out the differences between the following concepts? Predestination Predeterminism Determinism Theological determinism There appears to be some debate over whether or not some of these terms are synonymous and interchangeable.
Improve this question. Flimzy 22k 19 19 gold badges 98 98 silver badges bronze badges. ShemSeger ShemSeger 8, 2 2 gold badges 26 26 silver badges 75 75 bronze badges. Bultitude: Whether it's a Biblical word or not has absolutely nothing to do with the undeniable fact that it is also a Calvinist doctrinal word. Calvinists are allowed to use Biblical words in their doctrine. Bultitude: The more important question is: What does the Bible mean by the word, and what do Calvinists or others mean by the word, and is if there are possible differences, what are they?
Predestination could mean something different from the others, but in Calvinism it doesn't. For example, many non-Calvinists are corporate electionists: i. Others say the means of salvation is predestined.
Again, not determinism, because the actions of individuals are not being predestined, only the existence of a certain means which individuals may or may not take advantage of based on their freewill. Show 1 more comment. Active Oldest Votes. From wikipedia great source, I know : Predestination Predestination, in theology, is the doctrine that all events have been willed by God. Predeterminism Predeterminism is the idea that all events are determined in advance.
Theological determination Theological determinism is a form of determinism which states that all events that happen are pre-ordained, or predestined to happen, by a monotheistic deity, or that they are destined to occur given its omniscience.
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